[1] A brief history compiled from various sources, namely, Armenian, Frankish, Greek, and Syriac historical writings by myself, Het'um, lord of Korikos (Kur'ikos), servant of Christ God, in the year 745 of the Armenian Era [1296].
Subsequently, in 530 A.E. [1081] Ruben, his relative, went and lived in the confines of Kositar', thence reaching to the village of Ko'rmo'go'lo' where he died.
In 540 A.E. [1091] his son Kostandin took Vahka. He was the first to rule over the Armenian people in Cilicia.
In 529 A.E. [1080] Sulaiman [Sulaiman ibn Kutlumish, c. 1077-1086, Saljuq Sultan of Rum] (Suliman) took Antioch. Sulaiman was killed.
In 545 A.E. [1096] God moved the great passage [(basach, crusade] of the Franks to come and to take Jerusalem. This was under the leadership of a Frankish monk named Peter the Hermit (P'er'e'rmit).
In 546 A.E. [1097] the passage [crusade] captured Nicaea, a city of the Byzantines.
In 547 A.E. [1098] Antioch and Edessa were freed from the infidels.
In 548 A.E. [1099] Jerusalem was liberated and Duke Godfrey (Go'nto'fre') ruled it.
In 549 A.E. [1100] Godfrey died and the first king [g74] of Jerusalem was Godfrey's brother, Baudoin [Baldwin], count of Edessa.
[2] In 550 A.E [1101] [the city of] Szayr [?Caesarea of Palestine] was taken from the infidels.
In 551 A.E. [1102] Kostandin, paron of the Armenians, died and his principality was ruled by his senior son, T'oros [I, 1100-1229].
In 553 A.E. [1104] Acre (Ak'a) was taken from the infidels.
In 558 A.E. [1109] Tripoli was taken from the infidels.
In 559 A.E. [1110] Beirut and Sidon (Sayta) were taken from the infidels.
In 564 A.E. [1115] The Christians built Kerak (K'arak') and Shawbak [Latin: Montreal].
In 565 A.E. [1116] Baudoin, king of Jerusalem, died and his relative, Baudoin of Le Bourg, ruled [as] the second [king of Jerusalem].
In 578 A.E. [1129] T'oros, paron of the Armenians, died and his principality was ruled by his brother, Lewon.
In 580 A.E. [1131] Baudoin, king of Jerusalem, died and his son-in-law Fulk (Fuk')[of Anjou, 1131-1143] ruled as the third [king of Jerusalem].
In 586 A.E. [1137] the Byzantine emperor, Porphyrogenitus [John II Comnenus, 1118-1143], took Cilicia from paron Lewon. [The Byzantines] bound Lewon and his sons and sent them to Constantinople. And Lewon died.
In 592 A.E. [1143] Fulk, king of Jerusalem died and his son, Baudoin, became the fourth [king of Jerusalem].
In 593 A.E. [1144] Lewon's son, T'oros, came from Constantinople, took Vahka, and restored the authority of the Armenians.
In 595 A.E. [1146] the second passage [of Crusaders] took place, and the passage of the Franks was renewed. [Among those arriving] were the emperor of the Germans, Conrad [III, 1137-1157] and the king of France, Louis [VII, 1137-1180].
In 596 A.E. [1147] the [German] emperor and the king of France besieged Damascus, but were unable to accomplish anything.
In 606 A.E. [1157] Ascalon was taken from the infidels. T'oros, paron of the Armenians, died after having become a cleric, and his brother, Mleh, ruled his principality.
[3] In 612 A.E. [1163] Baudoin, king of Jerusalem, died. [g75]
In 613 A.E. [1164] Mleh [d.1174], T'oros' brother, was killed in Sis, and his princes made Stefanne's son, Ruben, the paron of the Armenians. And Amalric [Aimery] became the fifth king in Jerusalem and took Alexandria (Sk'andaria) and Plpe's in 616 A.E. [1167].
In 617 A.E. [1168] The king of Jerusalem, Amalric, defeated Saladin and with the aid of the Romans [crusaders] besieged Tatiat', but was not able to take it.
In 618 A.E. [1169] Plinas was seized from the Christians.
In 619 A.E. [1170] a severe earthquake occurred and many cities and fortresses were demolished, including in Se'hl [Sahil, (Levantine) coast].
In 622 A.E. [1173] [The kat'oghikos] Lord Nerse's Shnorhali ("The Gracious") [Nerses IV Klayets'i, 1166-1173] reposed in Christ on Thursday, the 13th day of August. Oh, alas!
In 623 A.E. [1174] King Amalric of Jerusalem died. His son, Baudoin, ruled as the sixth king of Jerusalem, and died of the disease of the Goths [leprosy].
In 629 A.E. [1180] the Byzantine emperor, Manuel [I, 1143-1180], was defeated by Kilij Arslan [II, 1152-1192] close to Konya.
In 629 A.E. [1180] the Byzantine emperor, Manuel, died.
In 630 A.E. [1181] they enthroned Baudoin the Lesser as the seventh king of Jerusalem prior to the death of Baudoin the Goth.
In 634 A.E. [1185] Baudoin the Goth, the king of Jerusalem, died.
In 635 A.E. [1186] Ruben, paron of the Armenians, died and his brother, Lewon, occupied his place. The king of Jerusalem, Baudoin the Lesser, died and his place was occupied by his mother, Queen Sibyl (Sipil), and his father's son, Guy de Lusignan (Kiw de" Lagho'neayn). [g76]
In 636 A.E. [1187] Saladin destroyed the Christians near Jerusalem, on which day they seized King Guy and the blessed Cross of Christ disappeared. They gave to Saladin [the cities of] Acre and then Ascalon, and the same year Saladin took Jerusalem and all of Se'hle [Sahil, (Levantine) coast], excepting Tyre and Tripoli.
[4] In 639 A.E. [1190] the emperor of the Germans, Frederick [Barbarossa] (Ftrk) was drowned in the Saleph River [at Silifke] and was buried in Antioch. Phillipe, king of France [Phillipe II Augustus, 1180-1223 (Filip r'e' de" Frants'n)] and Richard, king of England [Richard I, the Lion-heart, 1189-1199], crossed to this side of the ocean and besieged Acre. When the English arrived, the island of Cyprus was taken from the Byzantine duke, Kyr Isaak/Sahak (Kir'sak).
This was the beginning of the organization of the German Bretheren [Teutonic Knights].
In 640 A.E. [1191] the king of France and the king of England took Acre from the infidels.
In 640 A.E. [1191] Guy, the king of Jerusalem, purchased the island of Cyprus from the king of England.
In 641 A.E. [1192] the king of England made peace with Saladin and through friendship they returned to Christian hands [the cities of] Joffa, Arsuf, Azayr and Kafas [Haifa].
In 643 A.E. [1194] the king of Cyprus, Guy, died and his brother, Henri [Amalric/Aimery of Lusignan], became the second king of Cyprus.
Lewon, paron of the Armenians, seized Bohemond, prince of Antioch, and placed him in prison in the citadel at Sis.
In 644 A.E. [1195] Bohemond [Te'mund] was freed from prison through the intercession of Count Henry [of Champagne] (He'r'i), and marriage relations were established between [the families of] Lewon and the prince.
In 645 A.E. [1196] Saladin died and his brother, Ye'tl [Adil Sayf-al-Din Abu Bakr, 1200-1218], ruled Egypt and Damascus.
In 646 A.E. [1197] paron Lewon received coronation with a crown and became the first king of Cilicia.
They took Chpe't' through treachery from the infidels.
Melik Yetl took Cho'f'a from the Christians. [g77]
In 647 A.E. [1198] Beirut was taken from the infidels.
In 650 A.E. [1201] His son, Bohemond [III], who was the count of Tripoli, died.
[5] In 651 A.E. [1202] A second earthquake occurred, and many cities and palaces in Se'hl [Sahil, (Levantine) coast] were destroyed.
In 652 A.E. [1203] Lewon, king of the Armenians, took Antioch.
In 653 A.E. [1204] The count of Flanders and the duke of Venice took Constantinople from the Byzantines. And Baudoin became emperor in Constantinople. The troops of Jerusalem and Cyprus went to Egypt and laid waste many coastal areas. Phillipe, king of France, took Normandy from the king of England.
In 654 A.E. [1205] Henri, king of Cyprus [Amalric/Aimery of Lusignan], died.
In 655 A.E. [1206] Bohemond, prince of Antioch, died and [his] son, Bohemond the Blind [the One-Eyed], succeeded him.
In 656 A.E. [1207] Lewon, king of the Armenians, seized the sebastos Henri, who was a duke, Kostants' Kamartias (Xumartiash), Joscelin, and Baudoin. And they removed the kat'oghikos, lord Yovhane's, from [the patriarchal] throne, and installed Lord Dawit' Ark'akaghets'i.
In 657 A.E. [1208] Bohemond, prince of Antioch disturbed Gumin of Antioch and his troops who had battled with him. He also seized the patriarch and put him into prison where he died. And KayKhusrau [I, second reign, 1204-1210] (Xosrov-Shah), the sultan of Iconium and son of Kilij Arslan took Berdous from the Armenians and seized its lord, Grigor, Lewon's son.
In 658 A.E. [1209] Lascari [Theodore I Laskaris, Emperor in Nicaea, 1204-1222] battled against the sultan of Iconium in Xonas, and the sultan was killed. KayKawus [I, 1210-1219] (Aze"tin Gagazuz) occupied his place.
In 659 A.E. [1210] King John [John of Brienne, 1210-1225] (r'e' Chuan) married Queen Maria [of Montferrat], and [he became] the tenth king of Jerusalem. Lewon, king of the Armenians, went to Cyprus and married the king's sister, Sybil, who is [also called] Elisabeth.
In 660 A.E. [1211] Lord Dawit' died and lord Yovhane's again became kat'oghikos of the Armenians [Hovhanes VI Sssets'i, 1203-1221]. [g78]
In 662 A.E. [1213] the Assassins (Hashishk') killed Bohemond, prince of Antioch. There was a great battle between the kings of the Spaniards.
In 663 A.E. [1214] Phillipe [II Augustus], king of France defeated Otto [Odin IV] (Odn), emperor of the Germans, and Louis [Ludwig, the future Ludwig VIII] (Lawig), son of the king of France, defeated the English king John [John Lackland](Chuan).
[6] In 664 A.E. [1215] Pope Innocent convened an assembly in Rome for the taking of Jerusalem. There were 422 bishops and 72 archbishops at that assembly.
In 665 A.E. [1216] the emperor of the Germans died and was succeeded by Frederick. Lewon, king of the Armenians, took Antioch at night through treachery and installed there as prince Ruben, his brother's grandson. A daughter, Zape'l, was born to King Lewon.
And Sultan K'ak'auz besieged Kapan fortress and seized the prince of the Armenians, Kostandin the Constable (Go'nto'stapl) who was called the senior paron, and Kostandin, son of the lord of Lambron and Kyr' Sahak (Ker'sak), lord of Maghvay, and others.
In 666 A.E. [1217] the king of the English came to this part of the world and built on Astel Blur [Castellum peregrinorum] fortress of the Templars and King John (?r'e' Choytn) and the patriarch built Sghayr fortress.
In 667 A.E. [1218] Hugh [I, 1205-1218], the king of Cyprus, died in Tripoli and the Christian forces went to Damietta. The king of Spain, Alphonse le Bon (Alfun Slpo'n), also died. The Armenian king Lewon gave the sultan the fortresses of Loulon and Lauzada as the price for freeing his imprisoned princes.
In 668 A.E. [1219] Damietta was taken from the infidels. Prince Bohemond seized Antioch from Ruben.
And King Lewon died.
In 669 A.E. [1220] Phillipe, the king of France, died [d.1222] and his son, Louis [VIII, 1223-1226] ruled.
Paron Vahram, marshal (marajaxan) of the Armenians, and other princes wanted to enthrone the Armenian prince Ruben. But Kostandin, bailli of the Armenians, defeated them near Sis. He seized Prince Ruben and the [other] princes and took them to Tarsus. [g79] Lord Yovhanne's, kat'oghikos of the Armenians, died and Lord Kostandin Bardzrbert'ts'i [1221-1267] succeeded him.
In 670 A.E. [1221] the Armenian king Lewon passed to Christ. The Christians lost Damietta. Philip, son of the blind prince [Bohemond IV, the One-Eyed] of Antioch, was married to King Lewon's daughter, Zape'l. A severe earthquake occurred which demolished Afn [?Paphos] on the island of Cyprus.
In 674 A.E. [1225] Philip, king of the Armenians, was seized by his own troops.
[7] In 675 A.E. [1226] the German Brethren (Freres) commenced building Montfort (Munio'rt). And the most gracious Het'um [I, of Lambron, 1226-1269, d. 1270] ruled over the Armenians. He was the son of Kostandin, senior paron of the Armenians.
In 676 A.E. [1227] the church of Rome designated as saints Frances and Anthony the Franciscans, and designated their feast days. K'uretin ruled Damascus.
In 677 A.E. [1228] Emperor Frederick came to this part of the world and built Jaffa.
In 678 A.E. [1229] Emperor Frederick established friendship with al-Kamil Muhammad (Me'le'k' K'e'mal) [ruler of Egypt, 1228-1240] who gladly returned to the Christians Jerusalem, Nazareth, and Zion.
In 680 A.E. [1231] the Lombards (Lunkaparak') took the city of Beirut, but were unable to capture its fortress.
In 682 A.E. [1233] Bohemond the Blind, prince of Antioch, died and Bohemond the Lame succeeded him. The Lombards took Ke'r'i fortress from the lord of Beirut and the Genoese.
In 687 A.E. [1238] the king of Trakur, Don Chan, took the city of Valan from the infidels.
In 688 A.E. [1239] the king of Navarre and other counts came to this part of the world and fought with the Egyptian cavalry. The Christians took Hisn Kale (Xe'ch'n ghale') from the infidels, and wrought a great slaughter.
In 689 A.E. [1240] the Christians made peace with the sultan of Syrian Damascus and peacefully received from the infidels Ipafo'rt', Sawe't' [g80] and the whole country of Jerusalem. And Count Richard built Ascalon and the king of Navarre returned to his own land.
In 690 A.E. [1241] the lord of Beirut began to build Arsuf fortress. And the galleys (xale'k') of the emperor seized the Genoese galleys which the bishops were taking to Rome.
In 692 A.E. [1243] once again peace was established between the Christians of Sehl [Sahil, (Levantine) coast]and the sultan of Damascus, [and the Christians received] Jerusalem and all its surrounding country, excepting Jericho, which was demolished (?)
In 693 A.E. [1244] The Khwarazmians entered the land of Jerusalem and through warfare defeated the Christians of Se'hl [Sahil, (Levantine) coast], capturing many princes.
[8] In 694 A.E. [1245] Het'um, king of the Armenians took Pr'akana and K'aramut [fortresses] from the sultan of Rum. The forces of Sultan Kaykhusraw [II, 1236-1245] (Xiwt'atin) besieged Arus. His military commanders were Shamutin sahip and Kostandin, lord of Lambro'n. Pope Innocent [IV, 1243-1254] (Inusat') held a general assembly in the city of Lyon and excommunicated Emperor Frederick.
In 695 A.E. [1246] King Het'um sent his brother paron Smbat Constable to Guyuk-Khan. Henri became king of Cyprus after the death of his [mother], queen Alice.
In 696 A.E. [1247] the sultan of Egypt [al-Salih Najm-al-Din Ayyub, 1240-1249] took Papari and Ascalon from the Christians.
In 697 A.E. [1248] Louis [IX, 1226-1270] (Loyie"z), king of France, came to these parts, to Cyprus.
In 698 A.E. [1249] the king of France took Damietta in Acre. The first confrontation took place between the Genoese and the Pisans.
In 699 A.E. [1250] on June 29th, my grandfather, who was the lord of Lambron died. The king of France was defeated and captured by the sultan of Egypt, and in the same period the Egyptians killed their sultan and, by the grace of God, they freed the king of France who gave as a ransom 100,000 mark of silver.
In 700 A.E. [1251] Bohemond [V, 1233-1252], prince of Antioch, died and was succeeded by his homonymous son Bohemond [VI, 1252-1275].
In 700 A.E. [1251] Julian, king of France, built Jaffa. Later Fimi, daughter of the Armenian king Het'um, was married to him. Queen Zape'l died.
In 702 A.E. [1253] the king of France again built up Sidon (Sayit). Henri [I, 1218-1253], king of Cyprus died. And King Het'um went to Mongke-Khan. His daughter Zape'l married Bohemond, prince of Antioch and count of Tripoli.
In 703 A.E. [1254] the king of France returned to his land. K'ur'at', son of the emperor, died. The Azacharik' and Islambek appeared. [g81]
In 705 A.E. [1256] a fight began at Acre between the Genoese and the Venetians. King Het'um of Armenia went to Mongke-Khan and troops campaigned in the district of Rum, in Murandin (Mur'ntin) and elsewhere. And [King Het'um] seated his senior son, Lewon, on a horse.
[9] In 707 A.E. [1258] the Venetians defeated the Genoese at Acre and demolished the fortress of Ch'ipants'.
Hulegu-Khan captured Alamut and destroyed the Hashishim [Assassins]. Hulegu captured Baghdad.
Paron Lewon, the marshal and brother of the Armenian king, died.
In 708 A.E. [1259] King Het'um went to Tripoli to aid his son-in-law, the prince. And he enthroned his son paron T'oros. His brother, Lord Yovhanne's the bishop, was ordained [kat'oghikos]. The fortress of Mundas was captured from the infidels. In the same year Armenian troops besieged and destroyed the cavalry of the sultan of Rum who were besieging Mundas.
In 709 A.E. [1260] Hulegu took Aleppo through warfare and put Damascus under his control. In the same year Sultan Kutuz [Muzaffar Sayf-al-Din Kutuz] (Xut'uz) destroyed [the Mongol general] Ket-Buqa (K'it'bugha). King Het'um went to Yuch, following Chaxi. Punduxtar killed sultan Kutuz and he himself became the sultan of Egypt. Julian, lord of Sidon sold Danblur, Sidon and Beaufort (Piafort'). The Turkmens captured the lord of Beirut and ransomed him for 20,000 red [ducats].
In 710 A.E. [1261] Balian/Palian, the lord of Arsuf, sold Arsuf to the Hospitallers. The queen of Cyprus, Plaisance (Blazhans), died.
Guy de Lusignan became the bailli of Cyprus. [Michael VIII] Palaeologus (Palio'logh) [1258-1282] took Constantinople from the Franks.
In the same year King Het'um became the father-in-law of Kostandin, son of the lord of Sarvandik'ar by marrying him to his daughter, R'it'a. In the same year Chawri, the lord of Sarvandik'ar, died.
In 711 A.E. [1262] Richard captured Marse'l by a siege. The Armenian king's father, Kostandin, the senior paron died. King Het'um went to Manion and wasted Qaraman [Larandos]. In the same year the king's son, Lewon, was made king of the Armenians. In the same year [the family of] Lambron (Lanbro'n) intermarried with the king of Armenia.
In the same year Zape'l bore King Lewon his first son.
In 7122 A.E. [1263] King Het'um and Sultan Rukn al-Din and the arghuch'k' [Mongol judges] assembled at Araklia over the matter of dividing up the disputed fortresses. The Venetians with 50 galleys and triremes (t'arit') besieged Tyre, [g82] but were not able to capture it. And the Genoese lost half of their convoy of 20 galleys which they gave to Venice. They enthroned King Charles [of Anjou] as king of Sicily. He entered Apulia/Puglia (Bul) and defeated King Manfred (R'e'mafre').