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Click on the links in the lists of references to go to the sources for each event
| 1 | ITA Sulla leaves Italy to take charge of the war against Mithridates.
* Read Plutarch's account @ ~Diod_37.2'13; FGrH_252'A1; Plut:Sull_4'7, ~10'8;* +Appian:BCiv_1'64; DioCass_fr.102'1; Eutrop_5.4'2. |
|---|---|
| 1a | PER {Apellaeus -M} Document: THI_29.A, 'Avroman Parchment' - contract for the sale of a vineyard in Media Atropatene. |
| 1b | SPA {15 May -R} Document: CIL_1.2951a, 'Tabula_Contrebiensis' - a judgement about land and water rights near Contrebia. |
| 2 | AS+ Omens appear to Mithridates in Asia, and other omens occur at Rome and Athens.
* Read Plutarch's account @ ~Cic:ND_2'14; +Plin:HN_2'92; ~Plut:Sull_11'1-4;* Paus_9.6'6. |
| 3 | GRE << Q.Bruttius Sura(?) holds off Archelaus' attack near Chaeroneia.
* Read Plutarch's account @ Plut:Sull_11'5-7;* ~Appian:Mith_29; { CAH_9'151; DPRR.} |
| 4 | ROM Cinna attempts to pass a law to redistribute the new Italian citizens amongst all the Roman tribes, but is expelled from Rome by Octavius.
* Read Appian's account @ Cic:Cat_3'24, :Sest_77, :Phil_8'7; +FastCap_p74<x>; +[Liv]:Per_79; +Vell_2.20'2-3; +Plut:Sert_4'7-9, +:Mar_41'1-2; +Flor_2.9'9-10; +Appian:BCiv_1'64-65;* GranLic_15; Obseq_70<x>; [Vict]:VirIll_69'2; Exsuper_23-26; { CAH_9'174; OCD_c.} |
| 5 | GRE Sulla arrives in Greece and forces the Boeotians to abandon their support for Mithridates.
* Read Memnon's account @ Memn_22'11;* +Appian:Mith_30; Paus_9.7'4; { CAH_9'153; OCD_m.} |
| 6 | Lucullus order Bruttius to return to Macedonia, leaving Sulla to fight against Mithridates' army.
@ ~Plut:Sull_11'8. |
| 7 | ROM << The birth of Faustus and Fausta, twin children of Sulla and Metella.
@ Plut:Sull_34'5; { The twins were born before Sulla's enemies gained control of Italy (Plut:Sull_22'1).} |
| 8 | Culleolus utters prophecies about the civil war at Rome.
@ ~Cic:Div_1'4. |
| 9 | AS1 Magnesia holds out against Mithridates.
* Read Livy's account @ [Liv]:Per_81;* Plut:Mor_809'B-D; Schol:Bob_95-96. |
| 10 | Stratoniceia remains loyal to the Romans.
@ OGIS_441'6-14, '46-51, '83-86<t=B Sherk_63>. |
| 10a | BOS << Document: SEG_41.625, a decree of Phanagoria, granting citizenship to mercenaries. |
| 11 | LYC << Ptolemy Alexander allegedly draws up a will bequeathing Egypt to the Romans.
@ Cic:LegAgr_1'11, 2'41; { CAH_9'237; ~Hölbl_p213.} |
| 12 | CYP << Ptolemy Alexander is killed in an attack on Cyprus.
@ [Euseb]:Chron_165; ChronPasc_449'A; { Hölbl_p211; Bennett.} |
| 13 | ITA Norbanus, the governor of Sicily, saves Rhegium from an attack by the Italians.
* Read Diodorus' account @ Cic:Verr_2.2'5, 5'8; ~Diod_37.2'13-14;* { DPRR.} |
| 14 | Cinna raises an army of supporters from the Italian towns.
* Read Appian's account @ +[Liv]:Per_79; +Vell_2.20'4; +Plut:Mar_41'2; +Appian:BCiv_1'65-66;* Exsuper_27; { CAH_9'174.} |
| 15 | ETR Marius returns from exile, and advances through Etruria, where he is joined by Brutus and other exiles.
* Read Plutarch's account @ ~Diod_37.29'3; +[Liv]:Per_79; +Vell_2.20'5; Plut:Sert_5'1-4, +:Mar_41'3-6,* :Pomp_11'1; +Flor_2.9'10-11; +Appian:BCiv_1'67; GranLic_16-17; [Vict]:VirIll_67'6; +Oros_5.19'8; { CAH_9'175.} |
| 16 | PON << Some Athenians, forced into exile by the tyranny of Aristion, escape to Amisus.
@ Plut:Luc_19'7. |
| 17 | GRE Sulla besieges Archelaus at Athens.
* Read Appian's account @ [Liv]:Per_81; FGrH_252'A2; ~Plut:Sull_12'1-4; +Appian:Mith_30-32;* Paus_1.20'5; Eutrop_5.6'1; { CAH_9'153; Green_721.} |
| 18 | EPI The Thracians invade Epirus and plunder the temple at Dodona.
@ ~DioCass_fr.101'2. |
| 19 | ROM Cinna, Carbo, Sertorius, and Marius surround Rome with their forces.
* Read Appian's account @ +[Liv]:Per_79; Plut:Sert_5'5; +Flor_2.9'13; +Appian:BCiv_1'67;* GranLic_17; Oros_5.19'9. |
| 20 | Cn.Pompeius is summoned to defend Rome, but avoids engaging in battle with the rebel forces.
* Read Velleius' account @ +[Liv]:Per_79; +Vell_2.21'2;* GranLic_18; +Obseq_56a; +Oros_5.19'10; { CAH_9'175; OCD_p.} |
| 21 | ETR Marius captures and sacks Ostia.
* Read Plutarch's account @ +[Liv]:Per_79; FGrH_252'A2; +Plut:Mar_42'1-3;* +Flor_2.9'12; +Appian:BCiv_1'67;(↓) GranLic_18; +Oros_5.19'17; { CAH_9'176.} |
| 22 | CIS Cinna captures Ariminum and Placentia.
* Read Granius' account @ +ValMax_4.7'5; Plin:HN_8'144; +Appian:BCiv_1'67;(↓) GranLic_20.* |
| 23 | ITA Metellus fails to agree peace terms with the Samnites.
* Read Dio's account @ Sall:Hist_1'23;L +[Liv]:Per_80; +Appian:BCiv_1'68; GranLic_20-21; DioCass_fr.102'6-7;* { CAH_9'176.} |
| 24 | ROM The young Cn.Pompeius stops a mutiny in his father's army.
* Read Plutarch's account @ Cic:LegMan_28; Plut:Pomp_3'1-5.* |
| 25 | AEG Document: CIL_1.717 & 1.2252, inscriptions set up by Romans called Orbius on Delos. |
| 26 | Document: CIL_1.712, an inscription in honour of Sulla on Delos. |
| 27 | Lucullus coins money for Sulla's army.
@ ~Plut:Luc_2'2; { DPRR.} |
| 28 | CIL Mithridates encourages pirates to carry out raids in the Mediterranean Sea.
@ Appian:Mith_92' |
| 29 | ROM Marius and Cinna launch an attack on Rome, but are repelled; a soldier in Pompeius' army discovers that he has killed his own brother.
* Read Granius' account @ [Liv]:Per_79; Vell_2.21'3; ValMax_5.5'4; Tac:Hist_3'51, '83; Plut:Mar_42'4-7; GranLic_18-20;* Oros_5.19'11-14. |
| 30 | CIS ?? Pompeius establishes a Roman colony at Comum.
@ Strab_5'213.(1.6) |
| 31 | ROM ++ The greed and unpopularity of Cn.Pompeius Strabo.
* Read Plutarch's account @ ValMax_9.14'2; Plin:HN_7'54; Plut:Pomp_1'2,* '4, 37'4, :Mor_203'B. |
| 32 | Pompeius is killed, either by a bolt of lightning or by the plague which is afflicting his army.
* Read Granius' account @ +[Liv]:Per_80; +Vell_2.21'4; +Plut:Pomp_1'2, :Mor_553'B; Appian:BCiv_1'68; GranLic_21-23;* +Obseq_56a; +Oros_5.19'18; { CAH_9'177; OCD_p.} |
| 33 | ITA Plautius is defeated and killed by the Samnites.
@ +[Liv]:Per_80. |
| 34 | ROM Fimbria defeats P.Crassus.
@ GranLic_23-24<+v>. |
| 35 | The senate sends envoys to Cinna and Marius, and agrees to allow them to enter Rome.
* Read Appian's account @ Diod_38.1'1-3'1; +[Liv]:Per_80; FGrH_252'A2; +Vell_2.21'6; +Plut:Mar_43'1-4; +Flor_2.9'13; +Appian:BCiv_1'69-70;* GranLic_23; Ampel_42'2; [Vict]:VirIll_69'2; +Oros_5.19'19; { CAH_9'178; OCD_c.} |
| 36 | ++ An assessment of Octavius' ability as an orator.
@ Cic:Brut_176. |
| 37 | Octavius is murdered by Censorinus, an associate of Cinna.
* Read Appian's account @ +Cic:Tusc_5'55; +FastCap_p74; +[Liv]:Per_80; FGrH_252'A2; +Vell_2.22'1; +ValMax_1.6'10; Ascon_23;L (↓) Plut:Sull_12'13, +:Mar_42'8; +Flor_2.9'13; +Appian:BCiv_1'71;* [Vict]:VirIll_69'2; August:DeCiv_3'27;(↓) { CAH_9'178; OCD_o.} |
| 38 | ++ The speeches of C.Caesar are famous for their wit.
@ Cic:Off_1'108; Plin:HN_17'32.L |
| 39 | The brothers C. and L.Caesar are killed.
* Read Cicero's account @ Cic:DeOr_3'10, +:Brut_307,* :Tusc_5'55; +[Liv]:Per_80; ValMax_5.3'3, 9.2'2; Ascon_25;L Suet:Calig_60'1; Flor_2.9'14; +Appian:BCiv_1'72; August:DeCiv_3'27;(↓) { CAH_9'178; OCD_c.} |
| 40 | ++ The early family life of M.Crassus, the future triumvir.
@ Plut:Crass_1'1. |
| 41 | P.Crassus and his elder son commit suicide, to avoid capture by the followers of Cinna.
* Read Livy's account @ Cic:Sest_48, :DeOr_3'10, :Tusc_5'55; Diod_37.29'5; +[Liv]:Per_80;* Ascon_23,L (↓) 25;L Lucan_2'124; Plut:Crass_4'1, 6'3; Flor_2.9'14; +Appian:BCiv_1'72; August:DeCiv_3'27;(↓) { CAH_9'178; OCD_c.} |
| 42 | ?? Sayings of M.Antonius.
* Read Cicero's account @ Cic:Clu_140;* ValMax_7.3'5; Quint_8.pr'13, 12.1'21, 9'5. |
| 43 | ++ General comments on the character of Antonius.
@ Cic:Phil_1'34. |
| 44 | Antonius is hunted down and killed by Marius' soldiers.
* Read Plutarch's account @ Cic:DeOr_3'10, +:Brut_307, :Tusc_5'55, :Fam_6.2'2; +[Liv]:Per_80; +Vell_2.22'3; ValMax_8.9'2, 9.2'2; Ascon_25;L Lucan_2'121-124; +Plut:Mar_44'1-7,* :Ant_1'1; Flor_2.9'14; +Appian:BCiv_1'72; { CAH_9'178; OCD_a.} |
| 45 | Q.Ancharius is put to death because Marius fails to return his greeting.
* Read Plutarch's account @ +Plut:Mar_43'5-6;* Flor_2.9'16; +Appian:BCiv_1'73; August:DeCiv_3'27.(↓) |
| 46 | Merula is forced to commit suicide, despite abdicating from the consulship.
* Read Appian's account @ +FastCap_p74<x>; +Vell_2.22'2; ValMax_9.12'5; Tac:Ann_3'58; Flor_2.9'16; +Appian:BCiv_1'74;* August:DeCiv_3'27;(↓) { CAH_9'178.} |
| 47 | ?? The grammarian Lutatius Daphnis is bought and then set free by Q.Catulus.
@ Suet:Gram_3. |
| 48 | ++ General remarks on the character of Catulus, and the purity of his Latin diction.
* Read Cicero's account @ Cic:Brut_132-134,* :Acad_2'148, :Off_1'133; Schol:Bob_176.L |
| 49 | Catulus commits suicide by suffocating himself.
* Read Velleius' account @ Cic:DeOr_3'9, +:Brut_307, :Tusc_5'56, :ND_3'80; ~Diod_38.4'2-3; Vell_2.22'3-4;* ValMax_9.12'4; Lucan_2'173-174; +Plut:Mar_44'8; Flor_2.9'15; +Appian:BCiv_1'74; August:DeCiv_3'27;(↓) { CAH_9'178; OCD_c.} |
| 50 | Cornutus is hidden by his slaves, and so escapes death.
* Read Plutarch's account @ +Plut:Mar_43'10;* +Appian:BCiv_1'73. |
| 51 | Atilius Serranus, P.Lentulus, C.Numitorius, M.Baebius and other prominent Romans are killed by Marius and Cinna; and Sulla is declared a public enemy.
* Read Dio's account @ Cic:Cat_3'24, :RedSen_38, :Tusc_5'55; ~Diod_38.4'1; +[Liv]:Per_80; +Vell_2.22'1; Lucan_2'99-121; Plut:Sert_5'6, :Sull_22'2, +:Mar_43'6-9, 44'9, :Pomp_4'3; Flor_2.9'13-14; Appian:Mith_51, 60, +:BCiv_1'71-72,(↓) '73; DioCass_fr.102'8-11a;* Eutrop_5.7'3; Exsuper_28; +Oros_5.19'19-23; { CAH_9'179.} |
| 52 | Ordinary Romans refuse to plunder the property of the victims of Marius and Cinna.
* Read Velleius' account @ +Vell_2.22'5;* ValMax_4.3'14b; AmmMarc_30.8'9. |
| 53 | AFR Metellus stays away from Rome and goes into voluntary exile.
@ Appian:BCiv_1'80; { OCD_m.} |
| 54 | GRE Lucullus protects the city of Chaeroneia from reprisals, after the murder of the commander of the Roman garrison by Damon.
@ Plut:Cim_1'2-2'2. |
| 55 | Sulla retires to Eleusis for the winter.
@ ~Appian:Mith_33' |
| 56 | ASI << Mithridates grants additional rights of asylum to the temple of Artemis at Ephesus.
@ Strab_14'641.(1.23) |
| 57 | ROM Rumours about the return of Sulla bring a halt to the killing at Rome.
@ ~Plut:Mar_45'1-2. |
| 58 | Cinna and Marius declare themselves consuls for the following year without any elections.
* Read Livy's account @ +[Liv]:Per_80;* CIL_6.41024; ~Appian:BCiv_1'75; Ampel_42'2; { OCD_m.} |
| 59 | ?? C.Fimbria refuses to make a judgement on the character of M.Lutatius Pinthia.
@ Cic:Off_3'77; ValMax_7.2'4. |
| 60 | ++ C.Fimbria is a competent, though rather harsh, orator.
@ Cic:Brut_129; { Fimbria was consul in 104 B.C.} |
| 60a | << P. Gabinius is prosecuted by L. Piso, for crimes committed in Achaea.
@ Cic:DivCaec_64, :Arch_9; { Gabinius was praetor in 89 B.C.: DPRR.} |
| 61 | << The birth of C.Cassius Longinus.
@ Plut:Brut_29'1, 40'4; Appian:BCiv_4'89, '113;(↓) { Cassius was born in October, and he was older than Brutus - but see the analysis by D.A. Alexander, pp. 56-58.} |
| 62 | GRE == L.Titius reports a message from Jupiter, promising Sulla victory in the war against Mithridates.
@ August:DeCiv_2'24. |
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