1
| AS1 << Mithridates sends Pelopidas on a final embassy to the Romans.
* Read Appian's account
@
~Appian:Mith_15-16;*
DioCass_fr.99'2;
{ CAH_9'144.}
|
---|
2
| ITA << The Italians abandon Corfinium, and make Poppaedius their supreme commander.
@
~Diod_37.2'9.
|
---|
3
| ETR The Marsi start to sue for peace.
@
~[Liv]:Per_76.
|
---|
4
| EGY {16 Phamenoth -E = March} Document: SelPap_2.417 & BD_50, letters from Platon to Nechthyres and the town of Pathyris about a native revolt.
|
---|
5
| ITA << "Triumph" of Poppaedius after the recapture of Bovianum.
@
+Obseq_56;
{ OCD³.}
|
---|
6
| ROM << Sulla marries Metella, daughter of L.Metellus.
@
Plut:Sull_6'18-22;
{ CAH_9'167; OCD³.}
|
---|
7
| PON << The generals of Mithridates defeat Nicomedes by the river Amneius.
* Read Appian's account
@
Sall:Hist_4.67'11;
~[Liv]:Per_76;
Strab_12'562;(3.40)
Memn_22'6;
Flor_1.40'6;
~Appian:Mith_17-18;* (↓)
~Just_38.3'8,
5'10;
Trog:Prol_38;
[Vict]:VirIll_76'2;
~Eutrop_5.5'2;
Oros_6.2'2;
{ CAH_9'145.}
|
---|
8
| ITA ?? Heracleia sends warships to assist the Romans during the Social War.
@
Memn_21'1.
|
---|
9
| ++ The role of Marius, Sulla, and the other leaders of the opposing sides in the Social War.
* Read Velleius' account
@
Vell_2.15'3-16'1;*
Plut:Luc_2'1,
:Sull_6'3-4,
:Mar_33'1-2;
Appian:BCiv_4'25.
|
---|
10
| ++ The Social War causes widespread devastation throughout Italy.
* Read Diodorus' account
@
Diod_37.1'1-6;*
Plin:HN_2'199;
Flor_2.6'11;
Just_38.4'13-14;
August:DeCiv_3'26,
5'22.
|
---|
11
| Q.Metellus defeats and kills Poppaedius in Apulia; the end of the Social War.
* Read Appian's account
@
~Diod_37.2'10;
~[Liv]:Per_76;
Appian:BCiv_1'53,*
'80;
+Obseq_56;
[Vict]:VirIll_63'1;
+Eutrop_5.3'4;
+Oros_5.18'25;
{ CAH_9'125; OCD³.}
|
---|
12
| PON The Romans abandon Bithynia after M'.Aquillius is defeated near Proton Pachion.
* Read Appian's account
@
(?)
~Diod_37.26'1;
Memn_22'7-8;
~Appian:Mith_19;*
~Just_38.3'8,
4'4;
{ CAH_9'146.}
|
---|
13
| ROM Sulla is appointed commander for the war against Mithridates.
* Read Appian's account
@
+Vell_2.18'3;
+Plut:Sull_7'1;
+Appian:Mith_22,*
+:BCiv_1'55;
[Vict]:VirIll_75'7;
+Eutrop_5.4'2;
Exsuper_16;
{ CAH_9'168.}
|
---|
14
| The tribune Sulpicius proposes to enrol the Italian allies and freedmen throughout all the Roman tribes.
* Read Appian's account
@
+[Liv]:Per_77;
+Ascon_64;L
+Plut:Sull_8'1-2;
+Appian:BCiv_1'55;*
{ CAH_9'167-168; DPRR.}
|
---|
15
| Marius takes regular exercise to show that he is fit enough to take the command against Mithridates.
* Read Plutarch's account
@
Diod_37.29'1;
~Plut:Mar_34'1-6.*
|
---|
16
| Scaevola discusses the split between Pompeius and Sulpicius.
@
+Cic:Amic_1-3.
|
---|
17
| The consuls are attacked by a mob of Sulpicius' supporters, who kill the son of Pompeius.
* Read Plutarch's account
@
+[Liv]:Per_77;
+Vell_2.18'6;
+Plut:Sull_8'3-7,*
:Mar_35'1-4;
+Appian:BCiv_1'56;
{ CAH_9'169.}
|
---|
18
| EGY ++ The gross appearance and luxurious lifestyle of Ptolemy X Alexander.
@
Athen_12.550'b<q"
Poseidon_26>.
|
---|
19
| Ptolemy X Alexander is expelled in a popular uprising, and Ptolemy IX returns to Egypt.
* Read Justin's account
@
AET_8.13'H.
+FGrH_252'A1;
Paus_1.9'3;
Just_39.5'1;*
Trog:Prol_39;
~[Euseb]:Chron_163-165,(↓)
171;
ChronPasc_449'A;
+Hieron:Chron_1929;
ChronSynt_91;
{ CAH_9'316; Hölbl_p211; Bennett.}
|
---|
20
| ITA Sulla leaves Rome to join the Roman army at Nola.
* Read Diodorus' account
@
~Diod_37.2'13;*
+Vell_2.18'4;
+Plut:Sull_7'3;
+Eutrop_5.4'2;
+Oros_5.19'3;
{ CAH_9'169.}
|
---|
21
| PAL << Alexander crucifies 800 of his opponents, and forces the remainder into exile.
* Read Josephus' account
@
(?)
Qumran_4Q169'1;(Nahum,2.12)
Joseph:BJ_1'96-98,*
'113,
~:AJ_13'379-383,
'410.
|
---|
22
| PON Mithridates addresses his army before the invasion of Asia.
@
~Just_38.3'8-8'1.
|
---|
23
| AS1 Mithridates invades Phrygia and the Roman province of Asia, while the Romans are distracted by civil war.
* Read Appian's account
@
Syll_742.A'4-9;
Sall:Hist_4.67'11;
+[Liv]:Per_77,
78;
Strab_12'562;(3.40)
Memn_22'8;
Flor_1.40'3-6;
~Appian:Mith_20,*
58,
+:BCiv_1'55;
~Just_38.3'8-9;
Eutrop_5.5'2;
Exsuper_15;
+Oros_5.19'1-2,
6.1'29;
{ CAH_9'146.}
|
---|
24
| AS1 Document: IAph_8.3, a decree of Aphrodisias authorising immediate aid to be sent to Q.Oppius.
@
IAph_8.2'22-29.
|
---|
25
| The inhabitants of Laodiceia hand over Q.Oppius to Mithridates.
* Read Appian's account
@
Athen_5.213'a<q"
Poseidon_36>;
[Liv]:Per_78;
Strab_12'578;(8.16)
~Appian:Mith_20'*
|
---|
26
| The inhabitants of Mytilene hand over M'.Aquillius to Mithridates, who keeps him as a prisoner.
* Read Diodorus' account
@
Cic:LegMan_11;
Athen_5.213'b<q"
Poseidon_36>;
Cic:Scaur_fr's;
~Diod_37.27'1-2;*
+Vell_2.18'3;
ValMax_9.13'1;
Plin:HN_33'48;
Plut:Luc_4'2;
~Appian:Mith_21;
{ Green_560.}
|
---|
27
| ROM Sulpicius passes a law giving Marius the command against Mithridates.
* Read Plutarch's account
@
Cic:Phil_8'7;
+Vell_2.18'6;
ValMax_9.7m'1;
+Plut:Sull_8'8,*
:Mar_35'5;
Flor_2.9'6;
+Appian:BCiv_1'56;(↓)
Ampel_40'1,
42'1;
[Vict]:VirIll_67'4,
75'8;
+Eutrop_5.4'2;
Exsuper_17-18;
+Oros_5.19'3;
{ CAH_9'169; OCD³.}
|
---|
28
| Sulpicius passes a law for the recall of political exiles.
* Read Anon's account
@
[Cic]:RhetHer_2'45;*
+[Liv]:Per_77.
|
---|
29
| ROM Sulpicius passes a law setting a maximum amount for senators' debts.
@
+Plut:Sull_8'4.
|
---|
30
| ITA Sulla leads his army against his opponents at Rome.
* Read Plutarch's account
@
+ValMax_9.7m'1;
+Plut:Sull_9'1-9,*
:Mar_35'6;
Flor_2.9'6;
+Appian:BCiv_1'57;
Ampel_42'1;
Exsuper_19;
August:DeCiv_2'24;
Oros_5.19'14;
{ CAH_9'170; OCD³.}
|
---|
31
| ROM Sulla defeats Marius and his supporters inside Rome, near the Esquiline Forum.
* Read Appian's account
@
Cic:Phil_14'23;
+[Liv]:Per_77;
+Vell_2.19'1;
ValMax_8.6'2;
Plut:Sull_4'7,
+9'10-14,
:Mar_35'7-12;
Flor_2.9'6-7;
+Appian:BCiv_1'58,*
'80;(↓)
[Vict]:VirIll_67'4;
+Eutrop_5.4'2;
+Oros_5.19'4-5.
|
---|
32
| AS1 Rutilius escapes from Mytilene to Smyrna.
* Read Cicero's account
@
Cic:Balb_28,*
:RabPost_27;
DioCass_fr.97'4.
|
---|
33
| ITA Metellus captures Venusia.
@
~Diod_37.2'10.
|
---|
34
| The Italians ask Mithridates to help them fight against the Romans.
@
~Diod_37.2'11.
|
---|
35
| EGY {28 Mesore = September} Document: SelPap_1.28, concerning the sale of a house at Pathyris.
|
---|
36
| ROM Sulla and Pompeius introduce a series of reforms at Rome, giving more power to the senate.
* Read Appian's account
@
+[Liv]:Per_77;
+Appian:BCiv_1'59,*
'73;
{ CAH_9'172.}
|
---|
37
| ++ Sulpicius is recognised as an outstanding orator.
* Read Cicero's account
@
Cic:HarResp_41,*
:Brut_203,
306.
|
---|
38
| Marius and Sulpicius are outlawed: Marius escapes, but Sulpicius is captured and killed.
* Read Appian's account
@
[Cic]:RhetHer_1'25,
4'31;
Cic:Cat_3'24,
:DeOr_3'8,
'11,
:Brut_168,
+307;
Nepos:Att_2'1-2;
+[Liv]:Per_77;
+Vell_2.19'1;
ValMax_3.8'5,
6.5'7;
+Plut:Sull_10'1-5;
Flor_2.9'8;
+Appian:BCiv_1'60;*
Ampel_42'1;
Exsuper_20;
+Oros_5.19'6;
{ CAH_9'171; OCD³.}
|
---|
39
| ETR Marius is discovered hiding in a swamp near Minturnae.
* Read Plutarch's account
@
Cic:RedPop_20,
:Sest_50,
:Pis_43,
:Fin_2'105;
Sall:Hist_1'21;L
+[Liv]:Per_77;
Ovid:Pont_4.3'45-48;
Seneca:Contr_7.2'6;L
Lucan_2'69-75;
Plut:Mar_36'1-38'2;*
Ampel_42'2;
[Vict]:VirIll_67'4;
+Oros_5.19'7.
|
---|
40
| The inhabitants of Minturnae send a Gaul to kill Marius, but he fails to do so.
* Read Plutarch's account
@
+[Liv]:Per_77;
+Vell_2.19'2-4;
ValMax_2.10'6;
Seneca:Contr_7.2'6;L
Lucan_2'76-88;
Plut:Mar_38'3-39'6;*
+Appian:BCiv_1'61-62;
GranLic_15;
[Vict]:VirIll_67'5;
+Oros_5.19'7.
|
---|
41
| Marius is allowed to escape by boat.
* Read Plutarch's account
@
Cic:Sest_50,
:Planc_26;
Sall:Hist_1'22;L
+[Liv]:Per_77;
+Vell_2.19'4;
ValMax_1.5'5;
Plut:Mar_39'7-40'1;*
+Appian:BCiv_1'62;
GranLic_15-16;
[Vict]:VirIll_67'5;
August:DeCiv_2'23.(↓)
|
---|
42
| AS1 Mithridates orders the massacre of Roman citizens in Asia: 80,000 are killed in one day.
* Read Appian's account
@
Cic:LegMan_7;
~[Liv]:Per_78;
+Vell_2.18'1-2;
ValMax_9.2e'3;
Memn_22'9;
Plut:Sull_24'7;
Tac:Ann_4'14;
Plut:Pomp_37'4;
Flor_1.40'7-8;
+Appian:Mith_22-23,*
58,
62;
~DioCass_fr.101'1,
109'8;
August:DeCiv_3'22;
Oros_6.2'2-3;
{ CAH_9'148; Green_561.}
|
---|
43
| AEG The inhabitants of Cos surrender Alexander, the son of the Egyptian king, to Mithridates.
* Read Appian's account
@
Joseph:AJ_14'112-113<q"
Strab>;
+Appian:Mith_23,* (↓)
115,
117,(↓)
:BCiv_1'102;
{ CAH_9'316; Green_553.}
|
---|
44
| The Rhodians defeat a fleet sent by Mithridates.
* Read Appian's account
@
GRA_14965'13-14;
~Diod_37.28'1;
ValMax_5.2e'2;
Memn_22'8;
+Appian:Mith_24-25;*
{ CAH_9'149.}
|
---|
45
| The Rhodians force Mithridates to abandon his attack on their island.
* Read Appian's account
@
Cic:Verr_2.2'159;
~[Liv]:Per_78;
+Vell_2.18'3;
Flor_1.40'8;
+Appian:Mith_26-27,*
:BCiv_4'67;
{ CAH_9'150; Green_721.}
|
---|
46
| AS1 Some Romans in Lydia escape by hiding on floating islands.
@
Plin:HN_2'209.
|
---|
47
| Mithridates decides to leave the fighting to his generals, and sends Archelaus over to the Greek mainland.
* Read Appian's account
@
Athen_5.213'c<q"
Poseidon_36>;
Flor_1.40'8;
+Appian:Mith_27;*
+Obseq_56;
~Eutrop_5.6'1.
|
---|
47a
| SYR << Antiochus Eusebes is either killed or expelled from Syria.
* Read Josephus' account
@
Joseph:AJ_13'371;*
Appian:Syr_70;
[Euseb]:Chron_261;(↓)
{ O.D.Hoover, Historia(2007), p.294; the three ancient accounts are very inconsistent.}
|
---|
48
| Philippus defeats Demetrius, who goes into exile in Parthia.
@
~Joseph:AJ_13'384-386;
{ CAH_8'517; O.D.Hoover, Historia(2007), p.294 <88/7>.}
|
---|
49
| ROM Sulla stops Sertorius becoming tribune for the following year.
@
Plut:Sert_4'6;
{ CAH_9'173; OCD³.}
|
---|
50
| {21 October -R} The triumph of P.Servilius Vatia.
@
#FastTr_p108;
{ CAH_9'788; DPRR.}
|
---|
51
| SIC Marius is almost captured on the coast of Sicily.
@
~Plut:Mar_40'3.
|
---|
52
| AFR Marius attempts to land near Carthage in the province of Africa, but is expelled by Sextilius.
* Read Plutarch's account
@
Cic:RedPop_20,
:Pis_43;
Diod_37.29'3;
+Vell_2.19'4;
ValMax_6.9'6;
Seneca:Contr_1.1'5,L
7.2'6;L
Lucan_2'91-93,
8'269;
Plut:Mar_40'4-9;*
+Appian:BCiv_1'62;
Exsuper_21;
~Oros_5.19'8.
|
---|
53
| ETR Q.Pompeius is murdered, allegedly at the instigation of Pompeius Strabo.
* Read Appian's account
@
+[Liv]:Per_77;
+Vell_2.20'1;
+ValMax_9.7m'2;
+Appian:BCiv_1'63;*
{ CAH_9'173; OCD³.}
|
---|
54
| AEG Archelaus and Menophanes capture Delos and other islands in the Aegean Sea.
* Read Pausanias' account
@
Cic:LegMan_55;
Strab_10'486;(5.4)
Plut:Sull_11'5;
Flor_1.40'8;
~Appian:Mith_28;
Paus_3.23'3-5;*
[Vict]:VirIll_76'4;
{ CAH_9'151, '638; OCD³.}
|
---|
55
| GRE Athenion seizes power in Athens, with the support of Archelaus; he is later replaced by Aristion.
* Read Athenaeus' account
@
Athen_5.211'd-214'a<q"*
Poseidon_36>;
[Liv]:Per_78;
~Appian:Mith_28;
Paus_1.20'5;
~Eutrop_5.6'1;
{ CAH_9'50; OCD³.}
|
---|
56
| PEL Achaea, Laconia, Boeotia, and other Greek states side with Mithridates against the Romans.
* Read Appian's account
@
Sall:Hist_4.67'11;
[Liv]:Per_78;
Memn_22'10;
~Appian:Mith_29,*
58;
{ CAH_9'151.}
|
---|
57
| MAC Mithridates' fleet is destroyed(?) off Thessaly.
@
+Obseq_56.
|
---|
58
| ROM Octavius and Cinna are elected consuls, and are forced to swear not to upset Sulla's arrangements.
* Read Plutarch's account
@
Cic:Planc_51;
+Plut:Sull_10'6-7;*
+DioCass_fr.102'2-3;
Exsuper_22;
{ CAH_9'173; OCD³.}
|
---|
59
| EGY {19 Phaophi -E = Nov.} Document: SelPap_2.418, a letter from Platon to the town of Pathyris, announcing that Ptolemy Soter is at Memphis.
{ CAH_9'317.}
|
---|
59a
| {15 Hathyr -E = Nov.} Document: AET_4.21'B, a letter to the town of Pathyris, about a donkey.
|
---|
59b
| CYP Document: OGIS_172, the dedication of a statue of Onesander at Paphos.
|
---|
60
| NUM Marius moves to Numidia, and begins to gather together his friends and supporters.
* Read Plutarch's account
@
~Diod_37.29'3;
Lucan_2'89-90;
~Plut:Mar_40'10-14;*
+Appian:BCiv_1'62.
|
---|
61
| ETR Sulla sends his army from Rome back to Capua.
@
+Appian:BCiv_1'63;
{ CAH_9'173.}
|
---|
62
| GRE The philosopher Philon escapes from Athens to Rome.
@
+Cic:Brut_306;
{ CAH_9'150; OCD³.}
|
---|
63
| ?? Apellicon collects a large library, including the books of Aristotle.
* Read Strabo's account
@
Strab_13'609;* (1.54)
Athen_5.214'd-e.
|
---|
64
| AEG The Romans defeat an Athenian force led by Apellicon at Delos.
* Read Athenaeus' account
@
Strab_10'486;(5.4)
Athen_5.214'd-215'b,*
{ CAH_9'150-151.}
|
---|
65
| AS1 Document: RC_73-74 (Syll_741), a decree of Nysa in honour of Chaeremon, a supporter of the Romans.
|
---|
66
| << Document: Sherk_59B (OGIS_440), the inscription from a statue in honour of L.Caesar at Ilium.
|
---|
67
| ROM ?? A saying of Q.Scaevola "the Augur", when called as a witness in a court case.
@
ValMax_4.1'11.
|
---|
68
| ++ The character of Scaevola, a distinguished orator and expert on legal matters.
* Read Cicero's account
@
Cic:Balb_45,
:Leg_1'13,L
:Brut_147-155;*
ValMax_8.8'2;
Athen_6.274'c-e;
{ ~ OCD³.}
|
---|
69
| MAC ?? Profiteering by C.Sentius, the Roman governor of Macedonia.
@
Cic:Verr_2.3'217;
{ DPRR.}
|
---|
70
| ROM ?? L.Plotius Gallus sets himself up as the first teacher of rhetoric at Rome.
* Read Suetonius' account
@
Cic:Arch_20;
Suet:Rhet_2<q"*
Cic:EpFr_1'1>;
Seneca:Contr_2.pr'5;L
Quint_2.4'42;
+Hieron:Chron_1929;
Schol:Bob_178.L
|
---|
71
| == Minatius Magius is rewarded with Roman citizenship, for his services during the Social War.
@
Vell_2.16'3.
|
---|
72
| ITA == The death of A.Cluentius, father of Cicero's client.
@
+Cic:Clu_11.
|
---|