231 B.C. Olympiad 137.2Click on the links in the lists of references to go to the sources for each event
| 1 | EGY ?? The Stoic philosopher Sphaerus goes to Egypt at the request of king Ptolemaeus.
* Read Athenaeus' account @ Athen_8.354'e-f;* DiogLaert_7'177,(S.2) '185;(Ch.8) {Diogenes Laertius calls the king Philopator, but he also says that Sphaerus was sent out by Cleanthes, and it is unlikely to have been after the death of Cleomenes.} |
|---|---|
| 2 | GRE ?? Chrysippus attends the lectures of Cleanthes.
* Read Diogenes' account @ Cic:Acad_2'143; DiogLaert_7'179,* (Ch.1) '182;(Ch.4) Suda_K'1711. |
| 3 | ?? Cleanthes witnesses an ant's funeral during one of his lectures.
@ Aelian:NA_6'50. |
| 4 | ?? Sayings of Cleanthes, addressed to Sositheus and others.
* Read Diogenes' account @ Cic:Fin_2'69;L DiogLaert_7'171-174.* (Cl.4) |
| 5 | ++ The frugal lifestyle of Cleanthes.
* Read Diogenes' account @ ValMax_8.7e'11;L Sen:Ep_44'3; Plut:Mor_1034'A; Fronto:Ep_2'p64; Aelian:Fr_1; DiogLaert_7'170.* (Cl.2) |
| 6 | << The death of the Stoic philosopher Cleanthes.
* Read Strabo's account @ Strab_13.610'c;* (1.57) Lucian:Macr_19; ClemAl:Strom_1.14'e; Censor:DN_15'3;L DiogLaert_7'176;(Cl.7) Suda_Ch'568; {CAH_7.1'506; OCD_c.} |
| 7 | SAR The Romans suppress further rebellions in Sardinia and Corsica.
* Read Zonaras' account @ ~[Liv]:Per_20'a; +Zonar_8.18'k-l.* |
| 8 | SPA ?? Hamilcar defeats the Tartessians and their Celtic allies.
@ ~Diod_25.9'1-10'3. |
| 9 | EPI Agron, king of Illyria, sends a force which defeats the Aetolians near Medion.
@ ~Polyb_2.2'1-4'5; {CAH_7.1'506; Green_253.} |
| 10 | ILL The death of Agron, who is succeeded by Teuta.
* Read Polybius' account @ ~Polyb_2.4'6-9;* Appian:Ill_7'b; Aelian:VH_2'41; DioCass_fr.49'2; ~Zonar_8.19'd; {CAH_7.1'506; OCD_t.} |
| 11 | EGY {2 Phaophi -E = November} Document: PHib_103, a tax receipt issued by Apollophanes.
@ Bagnall_81. |
| 12 | CIS >> The Gaesatae join the league of Gauls against Rome.
* Read Polybius' account @ ~Polyb_2.22'1-8;* Plut:Marc_3'1-2. |
| 13 | ROM >> Papirius dedicates a temple to Fons.
@ ~Cic:ND_3'52;L {CAH_7.2'671.} |
| 14 | SPA >> Hamilcar justifies his conquests in Spain to a Roman embassy.
@ +DioCass_fr.48'1; {CAH_7.2'454; OCD_h.} |
| 15 | ROM C.Duilius is appointed dictator, to hold the elections for new consuls.
@ +FastCap_p58. |
| 16 | >> Sp.Carvilius divorces his wife, which is the first divorce since the foundation of Rome.
* Read Gellius' account @ ValMax_2.1'4;L ~Plut:Rom_35'4, :Num_25'13, :Mor_267'C; ~Gell_4.3'1-2,* ~17.21'44;L {This is the commonly accepted date, but there is some disagreement in the manuscripts as to the exact year. Carvilius was consul in 234 B.C..} |
| 17 | == T.Manlius Torquatus is forced to resign as censor, because of a fault in the election procedure.
* Read Livy's account @ Liv_23.34'15,* 25.5'3, 27.11'10; +FastCap_p58. |
| Background
information: | How to use this site | Sources and abbreviations | Geographical labels |
| Symbols used to describe events | Symbols used to describe references |
This page © Andrew Smith, 2008
Attalus' home page
| 09.06.08
|
Any comments?