208 B.C. - events and references

208 B.C. Olympiad 143.1

Consuls: M. Claudius M.f. Marcellus (V), T. Quinctius L.f. Crispinus
Achaean General: Philopoemen
Olympic victor in the stadion race: Heracleitus of Samos

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Click on the links in the lists of references to go to the sources for each event

1	ROM {March -R} The new consuls are given joint command of the war against Hannibal in Italy. @ +Liv_27.22'1-13.
2	The triumph of Fabius, for his recovery of Tarentum. @ ~Plut:Fab_23'2; {This is not recorded by other writers, and seems improbable - compare for instance the refusal of a triumph for the recovery of Capua.}
3	PEL Philopoemen is elected general of the Achaean League for the first time, and prepares their army for war. * Read Polybius' account @ Polyb_11.8'1-10'9;* Plut:Phil_8'5-9'14, 11'1; Polyaen_6.4'3; {OCD_p; Green_704.}
4	ROM {5 July -R} The Ludi Apollinares are established as a regular annual festival. * Read Livy's account @ +Liv_27.23'1-7;* Macrob:Sat_1.17'27;^L {CAH_8'427; OCD_l.}
5	ETR Varro is sent to suppress an incipient revolt at Arretium. * Read Livy's account @ +Liv_27.24'1-25'5;* Plut:Fab_23'3; Zonar_9.9'a.
6	SPA Hasdrubal retreats towards the Pyrenees after being defeated by Scipio at Baecula; Scipio rebukes his Spanish allies for calling him king. * Read Polybius' account @ ~Polyb_10.38'7-40'12;* Diod_26.24'1; +Liv_27.18'1-20'2, 28.42'14-15; ValMax_5.1'7;^L Memn_18'3; Silius_15'410-492;^L Appian:Hisp_24'a-b; DioCass_fr.57'48; ~Eutrop_3.15'3; +Oros_4.18'7;^L Zonar_9.8'f; {CAH_8'59-60; OCD_s.}
7	Philippus marches on Heracleia. * Read Polybius' account @ ~Polyb_10.41'1-42'8;* Liv_28.5'1-17; {See Lazenby, p.165.}
8	EXT Antiochus defeats the Bactrians. @ ~Polyb_10.49'1-15; {CAH_8'397; Green_704.}
9	ROM The college of priests prevents Marcellus from dedicating a joint temple to Honour and Virtue. * Read Livy's account @ Cic:Verr_2.4'121, '123, :ND_2'61;^L +Liv_27.25'7-10;* ValMax_1.1'8.^L
10	ITA ?? Hannibal adopts new methods of fortifying camps, to guard against attack by Marcellus. @ Frontin:Str_2.3'9.
11	ROM ?? Marcellus habitually ignores the auspices. @ Cic:Div_2'77.^L
12	++ General remarks on the pugnacious character and achievements of Marcellus. * Read Plutarch's account @ Cic:Rep_5'10;^L Plin:HN_7'92;^L Plut:Pel_2'9-10, :Marc_1'1-2'1, 9'7, 31'1-32'3,* :Fab_19'1-5; Ampel_18'10;^L [Vict]:VirIll_45'3;^L AmmMarc_25.3'13.^L
13	ITA The consuls are caught in an ambush by Hannibal near Venusia; Marcellus is killed and Crispinus is injured. * Read Livy's account @ ~Polyb_10.32'1-12; Nepos_23.5'3; +Liv_27.25'6-28'2;* ValMax_1.6'9,^L 5.1e'6;^L Plin:HN_11'189;^L Silius_15'334-398;^L Plut:Marc_28'2-30'9, 33'6-10; +Appian:Hann_50'a-b; [Vict]:VirIll_45'7-8;^L ~Eutrop_3.16'2; +Oros_4.18'6,^L '8;^L Suda_Ai'87; +Zonar_9.9'a; {CAH_8'55; OCD_m.}
14	Hannibal relieves Locri, after failing to trick his way into Salapia. * Read Livy's account @ ~Polyb_10.33'8; +Liv_27.28'3-29'8;* Frontin:Str_4.7'26, '38; +Appian:Hann_51'a-b; +Zonar_9.9'a-c; {CAH_8'55.}
15	GRE The Roman proconsul Sulpicius captures Oreius. * Read Livy's account @ ~Polyb_11.5'8; ~Liv_28.5'18-6'12,* 31.46'6, '11; DioCass_fr.57'57; ~Zonar_9.11'd; {See Lazenby, p.165.}
16	Attalus returns to Asia to face an attack from Bithynia. * Read Livy's account @ ~Polyb_11.7'1; ~Liv_28.7'1-13;* ValMax_1.8e'8;^L Frontin:Str_1.4'6; DioCass_fr.57'57-58; {Green_704.}
17	SPA The three Carthaginian generals in Spain hold a conference, and decide that Hasdrubal should attempt to march to Italy. * Read Livy's account @ ~Liv_27.20'3-8;* Appian:Hisp_28'b, ~:Hann_52'a.
18	ROM Crispinus dies of wounds sustained earlier in the year. * Read Livy's account @ +Liv_27.33'6-7;* +FastCap_p62.
19	T.Manlius Torquatus is appointed dictator to hold elections; M.Livius is persuaded to come out of retirement, and is elected consul. * Read Livy's account @ +Liv_27.33'8-35'1,* 28.28'12, 29.37'13-14, 30.2'8; +FastCap_p62; ValMax_2.9'6,^L 4.2'2;^L Plut:Marc_29'18.
20	>> The new consuls prepare to meet Hannibal and his brother Hasdrubal at opposite ends of Italy. * Read Livy's account @ +Liv_27.35'2-36'4;* ValMax_4.2'2,^L 7.2'6;^L [Vict]:VirIll_50'2;^L ~Zonar_9.9'e.
21	>> The censors complete the census of Roman citizens, revealing a drop in numbers since the start of the war. @ +Liv_27.36'6-7.

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