280 B.C. Olympiad 125.1Click on the links in the lists of references to go to the sources for each event
| 1 | MAC {Peritius -M = ? January} Document: Burstein_54, a record of the manumission of slaves at Beroea. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 2 | GRE {9 Gamelion -G = February} Document: Burstein_13, an Athenian decree in honour of Euthius, the archon of the previous year. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3 | ROM {1 April -R} The triumph of Marcius, over the Etruscans.
@ #FastTr_p98. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4 | EGY << Ptolemaeus II authorises the translation of the Jewish Bible into Greek, and sends gifts to the high priest Eleazar.
* Read Josephus' account @ Aristeas_28-120; Joseph:AJ_12'34-84;* Euseb:HistEc_5.8'11<q" Irenaeus>; Tert:Apol_18'5-6; +Hieron:Chron_1736; August:DeCiv_8.11'c, 18.42'b; Tzetz:ProlCom_21. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5 | Eleazar sends seventy Jewish scholars to assist Ptolemaeus, who holds a banquet in their honour.
* Read Josephus' account @ Aristeas_121-300; Joseph:AJ_12'85-102;* Euseb:HistEc_5.8'12<q" Irenaeus>; Tert:Apol_18'7; ClemAl:Strom_1.22'a; August:DeCiv_18.42'c, 43'b. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 6 | ITA Pyrrhus sends Cineas ahead to Tarentum.
* Read Plutarch's account @ ~Plut:Pyrrh_15'1;* Zonar_8.2'f, 'h-j. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 7 | EPI Pyrrhus sets sail for Italy.
* Read Plutarch's account @ Ennius:Ann_177; ~Plut:Pyrrh_15'2-7;* Just_18.1'3; +Zonar_8.2'j-k. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 8 | ITA Pyrrhus arrives in Italy, bringing elephants to back up his army.
* Read Plutarch's account @ Polyb_2.41'11; Liv_31.3'6; ~[Liv]:Per_12'a; Plin:HN_8'16;L ~Plut:Pyrrh_15'8-16'3;* Appian:Sam_8'1-3;(18) Paus_1.12'2; Gell_17.21'37;L Just_18.1'3; ~Oros_4.1'5-6;L +Zonar_8.2'k-m; {CAH_7.2'466; Green_230.} | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 9 | ITA The Samnites join Pyrrhus.
* Read Livy's account @ Liv_23.42'2,* '6, 31.7'11. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 10 | Pyrrhus offers to negotiate with the Romans.
* Read Dionysius' account @ DionHal_19.9'1-10'5;* ~Plut:Pyrrh_16'4-5; DioCass_fr.40'13; +Zonar_8.3'a-e; {CAH_7.2'467-468.} | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 11 | ETR Coruncanius leads an army against the Etruscans.
* Read Livy's account @ ~[Liv]:Per_13'c;* +Zonar_8.4'a. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 12 | A Roman garrison is sent to Rhegium.
* Read Dionysius' account @ Polyb_1.7'6; ~Diod_22.1'2, '13; Liv_31.31'6; DionHal_20.4'1-2;* ~[Liv]:Per_12'b; DioCass_fr.40'7; {CAH_7.2'539 13
| Pyrrhus defeats the Romans at the battle of Heracleia.
| * Read Plutarch's account @ Ennius:Ann_181-185; ~Diod_22.6'1-2; DionHal_19.11'1-12'6; ~[Liv]:Per_13'a; Frontin:Str_2.4'9, '13, 4.1'24, 7'7; ~Plut:Pyrrh_16'6-18'2,* :Flam_5'6, :Mor_194'F; Flor_1.13'7-8,L '14-18;L Appian:Sam_10'1;(22) Paus_1.12'2-3; DioCass_fr.40'14-19; Just_18.1'4-7; [Vict]:VirIll_35'3-5;L Eutrop_2.11'2-3; ~Oros_4.1'8-18;L +Zonar_8.3'e-l; {CAH_7.2'468; OCD_p.} 14
| Locri and other places desert from the Romans.
| * Read Dio's account @ Liv_35.14'9; DioCass_fr.40'21-22;* ~Just_18.1'8-9; +Zonar_8.3'm; {CAH_7.2'469.} 15
| Ti.Coruncanius arrives with Roman reinforcements.
| * Read Plutarch's account @ ~Plut:Pyrrh_18'1-3;* Flor_1.13'19;L Appian:Sam_10'8;(24) DioCass_fr.40'28; [Vict]:VirIll_35'7;L +Zonar_8.4'a. 16
| ROM {10 July -R} The triumph of Aemilius, over Tarentum and the Samnites and Sallentini.
| @ #FastTr_p98. 17
| MAC Ptolemaeus Ceraunus defeats Antigonus the son of Demetrius.
| * Read Memnon's account @ Memn_8'4-6;* ~Just_24.1'1, '8; {CAH_7.1'114.} 18
| SIC << Hicetas of Syracuse defeats Phintias of Acragas.
| @ ~Diod_22.2'1. 19
| EGY The Jewish Bible is translated into Greek (the "Septuagint").
| * Read Josephus' account @ Aristeas_301-322; Joseph:AJ_12'103-118;* Tert:Apol_18'8; ClemAl:Strom_1.22'a; Euseb:HistEc_5.8'13-14<q" Irenaeus>, 7.32'16<q" Anatolius>; Porph:Fr_42; [Euseb]:Chron_79'a, 127'c; ChronPasc_425'A-B; +Hieron:Chron_1736; August:DeCiv_8.11'b, 15.13'a-c, 18.42'c-d, 43'b-c; Malal_196; ExcBarb_35B; GeorgMon_p435'b; {~OCD_s; Green_697<250?>.} 20
| AEG ?? The historian Duris establishes himself as tyrant of Samos.
| * Read Athenaeus' account @ Athen_8.337'd;* Suda_L'776; {In the period before Samos came under the control of Ptolemaeus.} 21
| ?? Dedications made by Ptolemaeus, Polycleitus, Philocles, Iomilcus, and Xenophantus at the temple of Apollo on Delos.
| @ Bagnall_130'C. 22
| PEL The founding of the Achaean League.
| * Read Polybius' account @ ~Polyb_2.39'11-41'12,* 43'1, 4.1'5-7; Strab_8.384'b,(7.1) 385'b;(7.3) Paus_7.7'1-2; {CAH_7.1'244; OCD_a.} 23
| GRE Heracleia-ad-Oetam joins the Aetolian League.
| @ +Paus_10.20'9; {~CAH_7.1'234.} 24
| << Epicurus' friend Metrodorus assists Mithres, a former minister of Lysimachus who had been arrested at Peiraeus.
| @ Plut:Mor_1097'B, 1126'E-F; {This probably happened soon after Lysimachus' defeat and death.} 25
| << Document: Burstein_14, a letter from Epicurus to Herodotus about the ransoming of Mithres.
| 26
| ASI << Document: OGI_219, a decree of Ilium in honour of Antiochus I.
| @ Bagnall_16. 27
| ASI Antiochus I is appointed "stephanephoros" of Miletus.
| @ Burstein_25. 28
| ITA Pyrrhus advances on Rome, as far as Anagnia in Latium.
| * Read Dio's account @ Liv_31.7'10; ~[Liv]:Per_13'a; Plin:HN_14'12;L Flor_1.13'24;L Appian:Sam_10'10;(24) Ampel_28'3, 45'2; (?) DioCass_fr.40'25-26;* [Vict]:VirIll_35'6;L ~Eutrop_2.12'1; +Zonar_8.4'b; {CAH_7.2'470.} 29
| Pyrrhus retires to Campania.
| * Read Zonaras' account @ Appian:Sam_10'10;(24) DioCass_fr.40'27; ~Eutrop_2.12'1-2; +Zonar_8.4'b-c;* {CAH_7.2'470.} 30
| SIC The Carthaginians defeat Hicetas.
| @ ~Diod_22.2'2; {CAH_7.2'666.} 31
| ROM Cineas arrives at Rome as the ambassador of Pyrrhus, and unsuccessfully attempts to win support with bribes.
| * Read Livy's account @ Cic:Tusc_1'59;L Diod_22.6'3; Liv_34.4'6; ~[Liv]:Per_13'a-b;* ValMax_4.3'14;L Seneca:Contr_1.pr'19; Plin:HN_7'88;L ~Plut:Pyrrh_18'4-5; Aelian:Fr_6; Just_18.2'7-8; Eutrop_2.12'4; +Zonar_8.4'h-i; {CAH_7.2'470-471.} 32
| >> The senate rejects Pyrrhus' peace terms, after a speech by Ap.Claudius Caecus.
| * Read Plutarch's account @ Ennius:Ann_194-196; Cic:Brut_55,L 61,L :Sen_16,L :Phil_1'11; ~[Liv]:Per_13'b; Ovid:Fast_6'203-204;L ValMax_8.13'5;L Quint_2.16'7; ~Plut:Pyrrh_18'6-19'5,* :Mor_794'D-F; Flor_1.13'20;L Appian:Sam_10'1-7;(22) Ampel_19'2; DioCass_fr.40'39-42; Just_18.2'10; [Vict]:VirIll_34'9;L Eutrop_2.13'1; +Zonar_8.4'i-l; {CAH_7.2'399, '471; Green_693.} 33
| ITA >> Cineas returns to Pyrrhus, and calls the Roman senate "a parliament of kings".
| * Read Plutarch's account @ Ennius:Ann_197; Liv_9.17'14; ~Plut:Pyrrh_19'5-7;* Flor_1.13'20;L Appian:Sam_10'8-9;(24) Just_18.2'10; ~Eutrop_2.13'3; AmmMarc_16.10'5.L 34
| >> Fabricius is sent on a mission to Pyrrhus.
| * Read Dionysius' account @ Cic:Sen_43;L DionHal_19.13'1-18'8;* ~[Liv]:Per_13'a; ValMax_4.3'6,L 5.1e'3;L Seneca:Contr_2.1'29, 5.2; Frontin:Str_4.3'2; ~Plut:Pyrrh_20'1-10, :Mor_195'A; Flor_1.13'21;L Appian:Sam_10'11-14;(25) DioCass_fr.40'29-38; Just_18.2'6; Eutrop_2.12'2-3, 14'1; August:DeCiv_5.18'n; +Zonar_8.4'd-h; {OCD_f.} 35
| >> Pyrrhus releases the Roman prisoners.
| * Read Dionysius' account @ Ennius:Ann_186-193; Liv_22.59'18, 25.6'3; DionHal_20.6'1-3;* ~[Liv]:Per_13'a; ValMax_2.7'15;L Frontin:Str_4.1'18; ~Plut:Pyrrh_20'10-11; Flor_1.13'15;L Appian:Sam_10'15-16;(26) Just_18.1'10; [Vict]:VirIll_35'6;L ~Eutrop_2.12'2,13'2; {CAH_7.2'471.} 36
| ROM Cn.Domitius is appointed dictator, to hold the elections for new consuls.
| @ +FastCap_p52. 37
| GRE The floruit of the philosophers Zenon and Epicurus.
| @ +Gell_17.21'38.L 38
| ?? The tragic actor Polus appears in eight plays within four days, shortly before his death.
| @ Plut:Mor_785'B-C<q" Philoch_222>; {Polus was a pupil of Archias, the "exile-hunter" who was active about 322 B.C.} 39
| CIL ?? The birth of the philosopher Chrysippus.
| * Read Diogenes' account @ Lucian:Macr_20; DiogLaert_7'184;* (Ch.7) Suda_B'568; {OCD_c; Green_633.} |
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| 09.06.08
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